1. NAME AND TITLE

APUD 3.0: Code System for Analyzing, Predicting Consequences of, and Guiding the Response to Nuclear Emergencies.

2. CONTRIBUTOR

Central Institute of Physics, Bucharest, Romania through the NEA Data Bank, Issy-les-Moulineaux, France

3. CODING LANGUAGE AND COMPUTER

Microsoft Basic; IBM PC's and compatibles (C00637IBMPC00).

4. NATURE OF PROBLEM SOLVED

APUD is a research exercise aimed at providing rough yet fast predictive information to assist with alert and intervention in the early to intermediate phases of nuclear accidents. The code handles 21 nuclides which are important in abnormal nuclear events. Preliminary intervention zones can be determined rapidly. The program handles nine geographical maps mainly covering southeastern Europe.

5. METHOD OF SOLUTION

APUD calculates integral solutions of the advection-diffusion equation for the airborne activity concentration and related quantities such as deposition rates, time-integrated concentrations, and depositions that were brought to compact algebraic expressions under the following assumptions:

(I) a uniform wind field over the territory and time of relevance; a vertical fall rate depending on the radii of the particles;

(ii) K-type eddy-diffusion coefficients, which are uniform in space and time-dependent;

(iii) flat terrain, no ground reflection, no inversion layers;

(iv) point-like virtual source above thereal source at ground.

6. RESTRICTIONS OR LIMITATIONS

Since essentially a Gausian dispersion model is employed, the program may be applied to distances up to a few hundred kilometers from the source. The time scale should be limited to periods of stable meteorological conditions.

7. TYPICAL RUNNING TIME

A typical problem or scenario may demonstrated in less than one minute on a 486/66 or better.

8. COMPUTER HARDWARE REQUIREMENTS

APUD runs on IBM PC's and compatibles with at least a 286 processor. A graphics adapter capable of EGA mode or better and 1MB of disk space is required. A math co-processor is recommended.

9. COMPUTER SOFTWARE REQUIREMENTS

Microsoft Basic PDS, MS QuickBasic, or Qbasic is required to run the code. A Basic compiler is required to run the included executable because of the use of COMMON variables in chained subprograms. A standalone executable cannot be created without modifications to the source files.

10. REFERENCES

D. V. Vamanu, "APUD - 3.0: Alert and Intervention Oriented Fast Assessment of Off-site Contamination Following Accidental Radioactive Releases, User's Manual," RB-39-1991 (June 1991).

D. V. Vamanu, "APUD User's Manual," FT-354-1989 (April 1989).

D. V. Vamanu, Models in Radioecology: I. Generic Equations for the Atmospheric Dispersion of Radioactive Releases," RB-34-1990 (November 1990).

D. V. Vamanu, "Models in Radioecology: II. Multis-A Post-Accident Assessment Model and Code to Map Time-Integrated Concentrations and Depositions," RB-35-1990 (November 1990).

D. V. Vamanu, "Protracted Releases: Inferring Source terms and Predicting Dispersal," FT-325-1988 (February 1988).

11. CONTENTS OF CODE PACKAGE

The referenced documents and 1 DS/HD (1.44 MB) diskette are included. The DOS formatted diskette contains source files, sample map data files, and related output files.

12. DATE OF ABSTRACT

December 1995.